“I think the participants' belief determines only whether or not the ceremony is meaningful to them.” They could believe it is meaningful only because they never questioned it. Or conversely, perhaps they are participating in it because they were coerced. That doesn’t mean it isn’t a powerful display of influence.

He politely ignores the fidgeting, choosing not to even glance at the ring. As much as Johan enjoys acting, an abstract argument is more interesting than pretending to care about someone’s personal problems.

“How does affirming a belief ensure its longevity?”